According to the EPA, over 43 million people in the U.S. get their drinking water from private wells.
The owners of these domestic wells are responsible for ensuring the safety of the water, making well water testing essential.
As a new well owner in Arizona, you might wonder how to test well water quality.
From understanding what to test for to knowing how often to do it, testing well water can initially feel overwhelming.
But don’t worry — this beginner’s guide to well water testing will simplify the process and give you the confidence to maintain safe, clean water for your household.
How Contaminants Enter Well Water
Contamination is a widespread issue for domestic well owners.
Several factors can contribute to this problem. These include:
- Dissolution of Rocks and Minerals: As groundwater moves through soil and rock formations, it can dissolve naturally occurring minerals and become contaminated
- Infiltration: Rainwater or snowmelt can infiltrate the ground and carry contaminants from the surface into the groundwater.
- Seepage: Contaminants can seep into the groundwater from nearby sources, such as septic systems or contaminated soil.
- Direct Entry: Contaminants can directly enter the well through cracks in the casing or a faulty well cap.
The specific types and concentrations of well water contaminants can vary primarily depending on the local environment and human activities.
However, some common examples of contaminants found in well water include:
- Bacteria such as E. coli and coliform bacteria
- Nitrates and nitrites
- Arsenic
- Fluoride
- Heavy metals such as lead, copper, and iron
The specific types and concentrations of these minerals depend on the local geology.
Why You Should Test Your Well
Exposure to well water contaminants can lead to various health problems.
The severity of the health effects depends on the type and concentration of the contaminant, as well as the duration of exposure.
For example, bacterial contamination can cause gastrointestinal illnesses, such as diarrhea, vomiting, and cramps, while long-term exposure to arsenic can increase the risk of certain cancers, skin lesions, and cardiovascular disease.
Proactive testing and maintenance are the best ways of keeping well water safe and protecting your family.
How to Test Your Well Water
Testing well water is a crucial step in ensuring its safety and quality.
There are several approaches you can take to assess your water’s condition, each suited to different needs and budgets.
Here’s an overview of some common water testing methods:
DIY Water Testing Kits
Home water testing kits are a convenient option for quick assessments.
These kits typically test for basic contaminants like chlorine, fluoride, bacteria, and nitrates.
While they’re affordable and easy to use, they may not detect all potential issues, especially complex contaminants like radon or heavy metals.
Professional Laboratory Testing
For a thorough analysis, collecting and sending a water sample to a certified laboratory is the most reliable approach.
Labs can test for a wide range of contaminants, including arsenic, lead, and pesticides.
Professional testing ensures you get detailed and accurate results, making it a top choice for keeping well water safe.
State or Local Health Department Services
In some cases, your state or local health department may offer water testing services at a reduced cost or for free.
These programs are particularly useful for first-time well owners and can provide valuable insights into your water quality.
Arizona private well owners can test their well through the ADHS Well Water Quality Program.
Hiring a Water Quality Specialist
If you want expert guidance, hiring a water quality specialist can simplify the testing process.
Specialists can take samples, interpret results, and recommend the best solutions to address any issues identified during testing.
They save you the hassle of the time and effort involved in DIY well water testing, which could lead to inaccurate results or interpretation.
Well Water Testing Tips for Best Results
Regardless of your preferred well water testing method, accuracy is essential for protecting your family’s health.
Follow these best practices to stay on top of water tests and maintain water quality.
Test Your Well Water Annually
Make it a habit to test your water at least once a year, but some conditions may warrant more frequent tests.
Focus on testing for common contaminants like bacteria, nitrates, and pH levels.
As a domestic well owner in Arizona, you may also want to check for arsenic, a contaminant found naturally in some groundwater.
Regular well water testing helps you catch problems early and take corrective actions.
Test After Changes or Natural Events
Certain events may compromise your well water, such as flooding, construction near your property, or repairs to your well system.
Test your water immediately after these occurrences to ensure it hasn’t been contaminated.
Use Proper Sampling Techniques
When collecting a water sample, follow the instructions provided by your testing kit or lab.
Use clean containers, avoid touching the interior surfaces, and ensure the sample is collected from the correct point in your water system.
Keep Track of Results
Maintain a record of your water test results over time.
This allows you to identify trends and spot recurring issues. Consistent monitoring is key to addressing problems effectively and ensuring long-term water quality.
Educate Yourself About Local Risks
Learn about contaminants common in your area. In Arizona, for instance, you may need to test for specific issues like uranium or pesticides, depending on nearby agricultural or industrial activities.
Tailoring your testing to local risks ensures a more comprehensive approach.
Testing Well Water Accurately With Professionals in Arizona
With this first-time well owner guide, you now know how to stay proactive about monitoring your well.
Maintain a regular testing schedule and address contaminants promptly to enjoy reliable and safe water for years to come.
Pump It Up, Pump Service, Inc. has been Arizona’s trusted company for testing well water since 2001.
Our team performs annual testing services to protect your household from bacteria, chemicals, and other hazards.
Let us help you keep your water safe with reliable and professional support.
Get in touch now to request service and experience the peace of mind you deserve.
Looking for a Local Well Water Testing Company?
Connect with Pump It Up Pump Services, Inc. for expert well water testing across Arizona, including Casa Grande, Scottsdale, Wickenberg, and Phoenix. We ensure your water meets all health standards efficiently.
Call 623-582-5069 or request service online today!